Introduction
Bending machines are indispensable equipment in metal processing, mainly used for bending operations on sheet metal. This article provides a detailed introduction to the structural characteristics of bending machines, methods for calculating bending force, and key steps for maintenance, aiming to help users better understand and maintain this important equipment.
Structure and Characteristics of Bending Machines
Structural Overview
1. All-steel welded structure: Bending machines adopt an all-steel welded structure, ensuring high strength and rigidity, suitable for repetitive bending tasks.
2. Hydraulic transmission system: Hydraulic cylinders at both ends of the machine are placed on the slide, directly driving the sliding work to ensure uniform and stable bending force.
3. Synchronization mechanism: Adopting a torsion shaft forced synchronization mechanism ensures the synchronization and accuracy of the slide during bending.
4. Mechanical stop block structure: Provides stable and reliable positioning, guaranteeing operational accuracy.
5. Quick adjustment and fine-tuning functions: The slide stroke can be quickly adjusted, equipped with manual fine-tuning and counter display, facilitating precise control by operators.
6. Inclined wedge-type deflection compensation mechanism: Compensates for mechanical deflection through an inclined wedge design to achieve higher bending accuracy.
Calculation of Bending Force
Bending force is a key parameter for precise bending operations. The correct calculation formula is: \( P = 650 \times S^2 \times L / V \) where \( P \) is the bending pressure (kN), \( S \) is the thickness of the plate (mm), \( L \) is the length of the plate (m), and \( V \) is the die opening (mm). This calculation formula helps operators set appropriate bending forces based on the specific parameters of the material to avoid over-bending or insufficient bending.
Maintenance of Bending Machines
Maintenance of Hydraulic Systems
1. Oil level check: Check the oil level in the tank weekly to ensure it is not lower than the window mark. Especially after hydraulic system maintenance, the oil level should be checked and topped up.
2. Oil change cycle: Hydraulic oil should be replaced after the new machine has worked for 2000 hours, and then every 4000 to 6000 hours thereafter. During oil changes, the oil tank should also be cleaned to maintain oil purity.
3. Temperature control: The system oil temperature should be controlled between 35°C and 60°C, not exceeding 70°C, as high temperatures can cause oil degradation and component damage.
Maintenance of Filters
1. Replacement and cleaning: Filters should be replaced or thoroughly cleaned each time the oil is changed to prevent blockages and deterioration of oil quality.
2. Handling of abnormalities: In case of machine alarms or dirty oil, filters should be replaced promptly.
3. Inspection of air filters: Air filters on the oil tank should be inspected every 3 months, and it is recommended to replace them annually.
Preparation for Safe Operation
Before performing machine maintenance or cleaning, the upper die should be aligned with the lower die and the machine powered off, ensuring all operations are conducted in a safe state. Before starting up or performing other operations, manual mode should be selected, and safety ensured.
FAQs
Q1: How to address accuracy issues during bending machine operations?
- Ensure the synchronization mechanism and deflection compensation mechanism of the slide are working properly, and conduct regular calibration and maintenance.
Q2: What are the causes and solutions for increased noise during the use of bending machines?
- Noise is usually caused by excessive clearance between the slide and guide rails, requiring adjustment of the clearance or replacement of worn parts.
Q3: How to extend the service life of bending machines?
- Strictly adhere to the maintenance schedule, timely replace all hydraulic oil and filters, and maintain cleanliness and lubrication of mechanical components.
Conclusion
Bending machines are important equipment in the processing industry, and correct operation and regular maintenance are key to ensuring their long-term stable operation. Through the guidance provided in this article, users can more effectively manage and maintain bending machines, ensuring their efficient and safe production capabilities.
