Introduction
The press brake is one of the important equipment in modern manufacturing, used to process metal sheets into various shapes and sizes. This article will provide a detailed introduction to different types of press brakes, their working principles, classifications, and will focus on discussing the maintenance methods for hydraulic press brakes to ensure efficient operation and extended service life.
Classification and Working Principles of Press Brake
Press brakes can be classified into various types based on operating and synchronization methods, each with its unique application areas and advantages.
Manual Press Brake
The manual press brake is the most basic type, relying on the physical force of the operator to bend metal sheets. This type of machine is suitable for small-scale operations or bending tasks that do not require high precision.
Hydraulic Press Brake
Hydraulic press brakes use hydraulic force to drive the bending operation, providing greater bending force and higher efficiency. According to the synchronization method, hydraulic press brakes can be further divided into:
- Torsion shaft synchronization: Synchronization of the upper and lower dies is achieved through mechanical torsion shaft.
- Mechano-hydraulic synchronization: Synchronization is controlled through the combination of mechanical and hydraulic systems.
- Electro-hydraulic synchronization: Precise synchronization is achieved using an electronic control hydraulic system.
Hydraulic press brakes can be classified based on the motion mode into:
- Upward motion type: The upper die moves, suitable for most standard bending operations.
- Downward motion type: The lower die moves, used for specific applications such as mass production or processing heavy-duty materials.
Maintenance of CNC Press Brake
To ensure the performance and safety of the press brake, standardized maintenance is essential. The following are some key maintenance steps:
1. Maintenance of Hydraulic Components
- Cleaning: Clean the hydraulic components (platen, valves, motor, pump, etc.) monthly to prevent foreign matter from entering the system. Note that no cleaning agents should be used during cleaning.
- Inspection and replacement: After one month of new machine usage, check for any deformation at bending points, and if any abnormalities are found, they should be replaced immediately. After two months of usage, check and tighten all connections of accessories.
2. Maintenance of Hydraulic Oil Circuit
- Oil level check: Check the oil level in the tank weekly, and if necessary, replenish with hydraulic oil of ISO HM46 or MOBIL DTE25 specifications.
- Oil change and cleaning: The hydraulic oil should be changed after the new machine has worked for 2000 hours, and then changed every 4000 to 6000 hours thereafter, and the tank should be cleaned.
- Temperature control: The oil temperature of the system should be controlled between 35°C and 60°C to avoid exceeding 70°C, which could cause damage to the oil quality and components.
3. Maintenance of Filters
- Filter replacement: Whenever the oil is changed, the filter should be replaced or thoroughly cleaned. If the machine tool alarms or if the oil quality is not clean, the filter should be replaced immediately.
- Air filter maintenance: Check the air filter every three months and consider replacing it annually.
FAQs
Q1: How to determine if the hydraulic system of the press brake needs maintenance?
If the hydraulic system exhibits abnormal noise, oil leakage, slow response, or decreased bending accuracy, it indicates the need for inspection and maintenance.
Q2: Why is the interval for hydraulic oil change determined based on working hours?
Hydraulic oil gradually ages and becomes contaminated due to temperature, pressure, and external impurities during use. Regular replacement ensures the cleanliness and efficient operation of the hydraulic system. Working hours are a practical standard for measuring the condition of hydraulic oil use and replacement cycle.
Conclusion
Maintenance of CNC press brakes is crucial to ensure efficient and precise machine operation. By following the maintenance guidelines above, operators can not only extend the service life of the equipment but also ensure the stability and safety of the production process. With technological advancements, the demand for press brake performance will become more stringent, increasing the importance of maintenance.
