Classification of CNC Machine Tools by Process Application
Metal Cutting CNC Machine Tools: This category includes CNC lathes, CNC drilling machines, CNC milling machines, CNC grinding machines, CNC boring machines, and machining centers. These machine tools are suitable for single-piece, small-batch, and multi-variety part processing. They offer excellent dimensional consistency, high productivity and automation, as well as high equipment flexibility.
Metal Forming CNC Machine Tools: This category includes CNC bending machines, CNC combination punching machines, CNC tube bending machines, CNC turret punch presses, etc.
CNC Specialized Processing Machine Tools: This category includes CNC wire (electrode) cutting machines, CNC EDM machines, CNC flame cutting machines, CNC laser cutting machines, special combination machine tools, etc.
Other Types of CNC Equipment: Non-processing equipment utilizing CNC technology, such as automatic assembly machines, coordinate measuring machines, automatic drawing machines, and industrial robots.
Classification of CNC Machine Tools by Motion Mode
Point-to-Point Control: The characteristic of point-to-point control CNC machine tools is that the moving parts of the machine tool can only achieve precise movement from one position to another without performing any machining operations during the motion and positioning process. Examples include CNC drilling machines, CNC coordinate boring machines, CNC welding machines, and CNC tube bending machines.
Linear Control: The characteristic of linear control CNC machine tools is that the moving parts of the machine tool not only achieve precise movement and positioning from one coordinate position to another, but also can achieve linear feed motion parallel to the coordinate axes or control two coordinate axes to achieve diagonal feed motion.
Contour Control: The characteristic of contour control CNC machine tools is that the moving parts of the machine tool can achieve simultaneous linkage control of two coordinate axes. It requires not only controlling the starting and ending coordinate positions of the machine tool's moving parts but also controlling the speed and displacement of each point in the entire machining process. In other words, it requires controlling the motion trajectory to shape the workpiece into straight lines, curves on a plane, or surfaces in space.
Classification of CNC Machine Tools by Control Mode
Open-Loop Control: Refers to the control mode without position feedback devices.
Semi-Closed-Loop Control: Refers to the control mode where the servo motor axis of the open-loop control system is equipped with an angular displacement detection device. The displacement of the moving parts is indirectly detected by detecting the servo motor's rotation angle, which is fed back to the comparator of the CNC device. It is compared with the input command to control the moving parts based on the difference.
Closed-Loop Control: In this control mode, the final moving parts of the machine tool are equipped with linear or rotary detection devices. The directly measured displacement or angular displacement values are fed back to the comparator of the CNC device. They are compared with the input command displacement to control the moving parts based on the difference, ensuring that the moving parts move strictly according to the required displacement.
Classification of CNC Machine Tools by Performance
Economical CNC Machine Tools
Mid-range CNC Machine Tools
High-end CNC Machine Tools
Classification of CNC Machine Tools by Composition of CNC Systems Used
Hard-wired CNC Systems
Soft-wired CNC Systems
