[1] What is Stamping Die?
Stamping die is a special process equipment used in cold stamping to transform materials (metal or non-metal) into parts (or semi-finished products). It is commonly known as cold stamping die.
Stamping is a pressure processing method that applies pressure to materials using dies installed on a press machine at room temperature, causing separation or plastic deformation to obtain the desired parts.
[2] Classification of Stamping Die Process Properties
1. Blanking dies: These dies use a closed or open contour to separate the material. Examples include blanking dies, punching dies, cutting dies, notching dies, trimming dies, and slitting dies.
2. Bending dies: These dies bend sheet metal blanks or other blanks along a straight line (bending line) to obtain workpieces with specific angles and shapes.
3. Deep drawing dies: These dies shape sheet metal blanks into open hollow parts or further change the shape and size of hollow parts.
4. Forming dies: These dies directly replicate the shape of the die or semi-finished workpiece according to the shape of the convex and concave dies, with only localized plastic deformation of the material. Examples include expanding dies, necking dies, flaring dies, undulating forming dies, flanging dies, and shaping dies.
5. Riveting dies: These dies use external force to connect or overlap parts in a certain order and manner, forming a whole.
[3] Classification of Stamping Die Processing Methods
Based on different product processing methods, dies can be divided into five categories: shearing dies, bending dies, drawing dies, forming dies, and compression dies.
1. Shearing dies: These dies complete the work through shearing action. Common forms include shearing dies, blanking dies, punching dies, trimming dies, edge trimming dies, hole punching dies, and cutting dies.
2. Bending dies: These dies bend flat blanks into shapes at specific angles. Depending on the shape, accuracy, and production volume of the part, there are various forms of bending dies, such as ordinary bending dies, cam bending dies, curling dies, arc bending dies, bending and stitching dies, and twisting dies.
3. Drawing dies: Drawing dies are used to turn flat blanks into seamless containers.
4. Forming dies: These dies change the shape of the blank using various methods of localized deformation. Forms include bulging forming dies, curling forming dies, necking forming dies, hole flanging forming dies, and circular edge forming dies.
5. Compression dies: These dies use powerful pressure to deform metal blanks into the desired shape. Types include extrusion dies, embossing dies, imprinting dies, and end pressing dies.
[4] Basic Terminology of Stamping Dies
1. Curling: Curling is a stamping process where the edges of a workpiece are rolled into a nearly closed circular shape. The axis of the curl is straight.
2. Curling
Curling is a stamping process where the edge of a hollow workpiece is rolled into a nearly closed circular shape.
3. Drawing
Drawing is a stamping process that transforms a flat blank or workpiece into a curved surface. The curved surface is primarily formed by the extension of the material located at the bottom of the convex die.
4. Stretch-bending
Stretch-bending is a stamping process that achieves bending deformation by the combined action of tension and bending moment. It applies tensile stress to the entire cross-section of the bent part.
5. Bulging
Bulging is a stamping process that expands a hollow or tubular workpiece radially outward.
6. Trimming
Trimming is a stamping process that divides a formed workpiece into several parts.
7. Flattening
Flattening is a stamping process that improves the flatness of local or overall planar parts.
8. Undulating forming
Undulating forming is a stamping process that creates local depressions or protrusions in the workpiece through material extension. The change in material thickness in undulating forming is unintentional, meaning that the slight thickness changes naturally occur during the deformation process and are not design specifications.
9. Bending
Bending is a stamping process that uses pressure to induce plastic deformation in the material, resulting in a bent shape with a certain curvature and angle.
10. Chiseling
Chiseling is a stamping process performed by a chiseling die for blanking or punching operations. Chiseling does not involve a lower die; only a flat plate is placed under the material. The majority of materials being punched are non-metallic.
11. Deep hole punching
Deep hole punching is a punching process where the diameter of the hole is equal to or smaller than the thickness of the punched material.
12. Blanking
Blanking is a stamping process that separates the material along a closed contour. The separated material becomes a workpiece or semi-finished product, most of which are flat in shape.
13. Necking
Necking is a stamping process that applies pressure to the open end of a hollow or tubular workpiece to reduce its size.
14. Forming
Forming is a stamping process that uses material flow to make slight changes in the shape and size of the workpiece to ensure dimensional accuracy.
15. Trimming
Trimming is a stamping process where a small amount of material is cut along the outer or inner contour to improve edge smoothness and perpendicularity. Trimming processes generally improve dimensional accuracy as well.
16. Countersinking
Countersinking is a stamping process that flips the material around the inner hole to form an upright flange.
17. Flanging
Flanging is a stamping process that flips the material around the outer contour to form upright short edges.
18. Drawing
Drawing is a stamping process that transforms a flat blank or workpiece into a hollow part or further changes the shape and size of a hollow part. During drawing, the hollow part is primarily formed by the material flowing into the concave die from outside the convex die.
19. Progressive drawing
Progressive drawing is a stamping method where the desired shape and size are gradually formed on strip material (coil) using the same set of dies (progressive drawing die) through multiple drawing operations.
20. Thinning drawing
Thinning drawing is a drawing process that intentionally reduces the thickness of the side wall while further changing the shape and size of a hollow workpiece.
21. Reverse drawing
Reverse drawing is a drawing process that flips the inner wall of a hollow workpiece outward.
22. Differential temperature drawing
Differential temperature drawing is a drawing process that uses heating and cooling methods to increase the temperature of the material to be deformed far higher than the temperature of the already deformed material, thereby increasing the degree of deformation.
23. Hydraulic drawing
Hydraulic drawing is a drawing process where a liquid contained in a rigid or flexible container is used instead of a convex or concave die to form a hollow workpiece.
24. Ribbing
Ribbing is a type of undulating forming. When local undulations appear in the form of ribs, the corresponding undulating forming process is called ribbing.
