Bending machines are essential in metal fabrication, providing the precision needed for various bending tasks. However, operators may encounter issues with the downward speed of the machine, affecting productivity. This guide will explore how to adjust the slow downward speed of bending machines, focusing on different types of machines and addressing common problems.
Identifying Your Bending Machine Type
Before making any adjustments, it's crucial to identify the type of bending machine you are working with. There are two main types:
1. Crank Linkage Bending Machines:
- Control: The downward speed is controlled by a motor speed regulator.
2. Hydraulic (Pneumatic) Bending Machines:
- Control: The downward speed is controlled by an oil (or air) inlet throttle valve.
Adjusting Crank Linkage Bending Machines
For crank linkage bending machines, the motor speed regulator is used to control the downward speed.
Steps:
1. Increase Speed:
- Adjust the motor speed regulator to increase the rotation speed.
2. Decrease Speed:
- Adjust the motor speed regulator to decrease the rotation speed.
Adjusting Hydraulic (Pneumatic) Bending Machines
For hydraulic or pneumatic bending machines, the speed is controlled by adjusting the throttle valve for the oil or air inlet.
Steps:
1. Increase Speed:
- Open the throttle valve to increase the flow of oil (or air), accelerating the downward stroke.
2. Decrease Speed:
- Close the throttle valve to reduce the flow of oil (or air), slowing down the downward stroke.
Addressing Common Issues and Solutions
Issue 1: Slow Pressurization
Cause:
- Blockage in the hydraulic control circuit.
Solution:
- Disassemble and clean the hydraulic system to remove any blockages.
Issue 2: Slow Downward Movement
Steps for Quick Pressurization:
1. Slider Section:
- Hydraulic Transmission: The piston drives the slider up and down.
- Control: The mechanical stop is adjusted by the CNC system.
2. Workbench Section:
- Button Box Control: Operates the motor to move the back gauge forward and backward.
- CNC System: Controls the movement distance.
3. Synchronization System:
- Components: Comprises a torsion axis, swing arm, and joint bearing.
- Function: Provides mechanical synchronization, ensuring stable and reliable performance.
4. Back Gauge Mechanism:
- Drive: Motor-driven.
- Movement: Chain drive synchronizes the movement of two lead screws.
- Control: CNC system controls the back gauge dimensions.
Detailed Steps for Quick Downward Adjustment
1. Adjusting the Crank Linkage Bending Machine
- Increase Speed:
- Adjust the motor speed regulator by turning it to increase the motor's rotation speed.
- Decrease Speed:
- Turn the regulator in the opposite direction to reduce the motor's rotation speed.
2. Adjusting the Hydraulic (Pneumatic) Bending Machine
- Open the Throttle Valve:
- Turn the valve to allow more oil (or air) to enter, increasing the downward speed.
- Close the Throttle Valve:
- Turn the valve to restrict the flow, slowing down the downward speed.
Other Common Problems and Solutions
Problem: Slow Pressurization Speed
Cause:
- Blockage in the hydraulic control circuit.
Solution:
- Disassemble the hydraulic system and clean it thoroughly to remove any blockages.
Problem: Slider Not Descending Quickly
Causes:
- Tight Guide Rails: Check and adjust the tightness of the guide rails.
- Back Gauge Axis Not in Place: Ensure the back gauge axis is correctly positioned.
- Slider Not at Upper Dead Point: Verify the slider’s position.
- Foot Pedal Signal Fault: Inspect the foot pedal signal.
- Proportional Servo Valve Malfunction: Test and potentially replace the proportional servo valve.
Solution:
- Adjust Guide Rails: Ensure they are not too tight.
- Check Back Gauge Axis: Make sure it is in the correct position.
- Verify Slider Position: Ensure it is at the upper dead point.
- Inspect Foot Pedal Signal: Check for any faults and rectify them.
- Replace Servo Valve: If faulty, replace the proportional servo valve.
Problem: Slider Moves Slowly During Bending
Causes:
- Speed Change Point Not Reached: Ensure the slider reaches the speed change point.
- Incorrect Y-Axis Parameters: Verify the Y-axis parameter settings.
- Insufficient Pressure: Check the hydraulic system and adjust programming settings.
Solution:
- Check Y-Axis Status: Ensure correct parameter settings.
- Verify Pressure: Ensure adequate pressure from the hydraulic system.
- Review Programming Settings: Correct any errors in the settings.
Regular Maintenance Tips
To ensure optimal performance and longevity of your bending machine, regular maintenance is essential.
1. Lubrication:
- Regularly lubricate moving parts to minimize wear and tear.
2. Inspection:
- Periodically inspect the machine for signs of wear or damage and replace any faulty components promptly.
3. Cleaning:
- Keep the machine clean to prevent dust and debris from affecting its performance.
4. Calibration:
- Regularly calibrate the machine to maintain precise bending operations.
Conclusion
Adjusting the downward speed of a bending machine involves identifying the machine type and making the appropriate adjustments to the motor speed regulator or throttle valve. By addressing common issues and performing regular maintenance, you can ensure your bending machine operates efficiently and accurately. Follow these guidelines to enhance your metal bending operations and maintain the longevity of your equipment.
