Operating a CNC press brake involves a series of steps and adjustments to ensure the machine functions correctly and safely. This guide provides detailed instructions on how to properly control a CNC press brake, including setting up inputs, adjusting parameters, and ensuring proper maintenance.
Setting Up the CNC Press Brake
1. Inputting Basic Parameters
After setting the input points, input other essential parameters such as voltage values and DA (Digital-to-Analog) values. Proper setup of these parameters is crucial for accurate operation.
2. Reference Point and Pressure Adjustment
- Finding the Reference Point: Use a pressure gauge to set the DA value accurately.
- Adjusting the DA Value: Ensure the Y-axis movements are smooth before adjusting the X-axis. Input the parameters and adjust as needed to achieve the desired performance.
3. Powering Up
1. Connect the Power: Switch on the power on the control panel.
2. Start the Oil Pump: Activate the oil pump. You should hear the oil pump running, indicating it is operational.
4. Stroke Adjustment
1. Testing Stroke Movement: Ensure there is a gap equivalent to the thickness of the sheet when the upper mold reaches the lowest point. This prevents damage to the molds and the machine.
2. Adjusting Stroke: Use either the electric quick adjustment or manual fine-tuning to set the stroke accurately.
5. Selecting the V-Die
1. Choosing the Correct Slot: The slot width should be eight times the thickness of the sheet metal. For example, to bend a 4mm sheet, a 32mm wide slot is needed.
2. Installation: Ensure the V-die is correctly installed and aligned with the upper and lower molds.
6. Back Gauge Adjustment
1. Adjustment Methods: The back gauge can be adjusted using electric quick adjustments or manual fine-tuning.
2. Operation: Ensure the back gauge is correctly set to control the bending depth accurately.
7. Performing the Bending Operation
1. Initiate Bending: Press the foot switch to start the bending process.
2. Pause and Resume: Release the foot switch to pause the bending. Press it again to resume.
Adjusting the DA52 System
Steps to Adjust Y-Axis Bending Parameters
1. Open the Management System: Start the CNC press brake management system and input the required operating parameters.
2. Adjust Proportional Gain: In the PI controller, gradually reduce the proportional gain value. Observe the operational curve during the bending phase until the slider movement is smooth without vibrations. Confirm the optimal proportional gain value.
Adjusting the Gain
1. Monitor the Curve: Ensure the operational curve is stable during the bending phase.
2. Set Optimal Gain: Adjust the gain until the slider operates smoothly, indicating the best proportional gain value.
Safety and Maintenance
Daily Safety and Maintenance Checks
1. Check Protective Devices: Ensure all protective guards, covers, and doors are functioning correctly.
2. Inspect Limit Switches: Verify that all axis limit switches are operational and correctly positioned.
3. Guide Rail Inspection: Look for any signs of scratches or excessive wear on the guide rails.
4. Lubrication: Ensure all guide rails are properly lubricated.
Regular Maintenance by Technicians
1. Inspect Fans and Motors: Check the operation of exhaust fans and inspect motors for excessive heat or unusual noises.
2. Monitor Pressure Gauges: Ensure pressure gauge readings are within normal ranges.
3. Check for Leaks: Inspect pipelines and joints for any signs of leakage.
4. Lubrication: Confirm that all lubrication points are properly serviced.
5. Immediate Issue Resolution: Address any irregularities promptly to prevent further damage.
Specific Operational Steps
Adjusting Step Molds
1. Fixed Step Molds: These molds have a constant double bend size.
2. Adjustable Step Molds: Adjust the center of the upper and lower molds to vary the gap.
Back Gauge and Bending Operations
1. Determine Positions: Set the positions of the front and rear back gauges and establish the bending process.
2. Positioning the Workpiece: Place the workpiece in the center of the press brake table.
3. Installing the Upper Mold: Install the upper mold as with standard press brake molds, with the mold core facing the operator.
4. Installing the Lower Mold: The mold core should face the interior of the press brake.
5. Adjusting the Back Gauge: Use electric quick adjustment or manual fine-tuning for precise positioning.
6. Starting the Bending Process: Press the foot switch to begin bending. Release the switch to stop, and press again to continue bending.
Slider Upper Limit and Gap Adjustment
1. Slider Upper Limit: Adjust the position of the stop block to set the slider at the desired top dead center.
2. Upper and Lower Mold Gap: When the slider is at the top dead center, use the button on the worktable control box to set the initial gap larger than the sheet thickness.
Hydraulic Bending Force Adjustment
1. Calculate Bending Force: Determine the required bending force based on the sheet material.
2. Set Pressure Value: Adjust the overflow valve handwheel to produce a force slightly greater than the required bending force.
Conclusion
Properly operating and maintaining a CNC press brake requires careful attention to detail and adherence to safety protocols. By following this comprehensive guide, operators can ensure the safe and effective use of press brakes, achieving high-quality bending results while maintaining a secure working environment. Regular maintenance and correct operational procedures are crucial for the longevity and optimal performance of the equipment.
